![]() ![]() I like a harness for taking walks, as this stops the pulling that most puppies are prone to do. In addition, you should have a leash, so that you can keep your new puppy safe when outdoors with you. You’ll have to measure her neck to do this. Puppies can wander away, and you definitely don’t want to lose her! Make sure you get the right size. You’ll need to work on getting your puppy used to wearing a collar right away.
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![]() However, despite the promise of clemency and an impromptu shark organ amnesty, the head has so far not been reunited with its body.Įxperts from Zoological Society London (ZSL) have now collected the available remains and are driving it to the London headquarters for analysis. “It’s bound to be one of the many fishing enthusiasts in these parts,” he added. He told The Telegraph over the weekend that there was no danger of rebuke for the thieves, saying “it’s all fine but the scientists would love to see it”. “It is not illegal to take parts from dead fish washed ashore so there’s no judging but if you took the head please get in touch, let the scientists have a look and then it’s yours to keep,” Mr Snow pleaded on Twitter. Historian Dan Snow, who tweeted about the shark on Saturday after it was found near his home, put out a call to arms urging the offal thieves to return the spoils of their overnight butchering. Sadly, scientists say that will now not be possible and that even if the head is returned it will now be too late to glean any meaningful information from the contaminated body parts. It is believed to be the first time an individual of this species has been found in Britain and academics were hopeful to study the body to find out what led to its demise. Now, it has emerged the shark was also disembowelled and some of its organs are missing. Original article on Live Science.The rare shark found washed up on a British beach has had some of its organs removed by scavengers, The Telegraph can reveal.Ī large and extremely rare smalltooth sand tiger was found on Lepe beach in Hampshire on Saturday evening but by the time experts arrived at the scene on Sunday morning to retrieve the carcass vandals had already soiled the body, cutting off its head and most of its fins. Knowing how bodies degrade in the ocean can give rescue divers a sense of what to look for, as well as manage the expectations of family members of those lost at sea, Anderson said.įollow Tanya Lewis on Twitter and Google+. In fact, it's quite normal for ocean scavengers to gnaw off feet, and the running shoes simply make the body parts float, Anderson said. This kind of research helps solve mysteries such as the " floating feet" found wearing running shoes that have washed up along the West Coast in recent years. "Now we have a very good idea of how bodies break down underwater," Anderson said. But when oxygen was low, the larger animals didn't come, and the smaller animals couldn't feed. So as long as the carcass entered the water when oxygen conditions were tolerable, the larger animals would feed, opening the bodies up for smaller critters and the squat lobsters, Anderson said. But the smaller animals' mouths aren't strong enough to break the skin of the pigs. ![]() The big scavengers (Dungeness crab and shrimp) need more oxygen to smaller creatures like the squat lobsters. When the researchers dropped the first two pigs into the water, the oxygen levels were about the same, but when scientists dropped the third body in, the levels were lower. ![]() The Saanich Inlet is a low-oxygen environment, and has no oxygen during some times of the year, Anderson said. The third body likely took so much longer due to the levels of oxygen in the water, the researchers found. Shrimp, Dungeness crabs and squat lobsters all arrived and started munching on the bodies a shark even came to feed on one of the pig corpses.Scavengers ate the first two bodies down to the bones within a month, but they took months to pick the third one clean. It didn't take long for scavengers to find the pigs. ![]() At the end of the study, the scientists collected the bones for further examination. The researchers monitored what happened to the pig bodies using the live VENUS cameras, which they could control from anywhere with an Internet connection, and sensors that could measure oxygen levels, temperature, pressure, salinity and other factors. ![]() ![]() ![]() This warranty applies to new or remanufactured parts which are Toyota Genuine Parts. Toyota* warrants that it will either provide a replacement part or repair any Toyota part or accessory that is defective in material or workmanship. If your brake pads have reached their wear limits, let us service the brake pads in your Toyota RAV4 PREMIUM with OEM parts in 2021. Plus, OEM parts include a warranty to take good care of your Toyota with Toyota genuine parts. Quality: It's also crucial to buy directly from the source to ensure you're obtaining good quality Disc Brake Pad Set (Front) parts. Know you're getting quality when you pick Toyota genuine part. Acquiring Toyota OEM parts provides you with a good fit and optimal performance. Your Toyota car is unique, and the Disc Brake Pad Set (Front) parts included in it are, too. Get precisely what you're looking for when you want it by ordering from the original equipment manufacturer.Ī Great Fit: Parts aren't one size fits all. Trusted Ordering: Unlike OEM parts, you may have to search around to find the part you need from an aftermarket provider. Getting Toyota Disc Brake Pad Set (Front) parts straight from the source comes with many advantages: They're made to fit properly, while some parts made by other manufacturers may be built to fit a range of automobiles. Toyota OEM parts are made specifically for the make and model of your vehicle. Toyota Genuine parts have been engineered to meet Toyota’s functionality standards. There are numerous options for buying Disc Brake Pad Set (Front) car or truck parts for your vehicle. ![]() ![]() ![]() Of all the artists working in contemporary country, is there anyone you’d trust more than Chris Stapleton to cover this brutal wake-up call of a Willie Nelson ballad - and have it sound even more heartbreaking (and hungover) than the original? SONG COVERED: Willie Nelson’s “The Last Thing I Needed, First Thing This Morning” (1982) NEW SONG: Chris Stapleton’s “The Last Thing I Needed, First Thing This Morning” Here, he very briefly flashes into the “No huggy, no kissy” line from Georgia Satellites’ late-’80s chartbuster - subtle and unexpected enough that you might wonder if you just imagined it on first listen - invoking a generation’s worth of rock radio memories in the process.Ĥ2. When he’s not embodying the ugly side of star excess, Queens frontman Josh Homme is a pretty solid rock practitioner. SONG REFERENCED: Georgia Satellite’s “Keep Your Hands to Yourself” (1986) NEW SONG: Queens of the Stone Age’s “Un-Reborn Again” ![]() Over squelching synths and a practically invisible beat, the duo discover a sensuality in the chorus almost totally unsuggested by its most famous version, particularly on the soft-spoken “ I found the greatest love of all inside of me.“Ĥ3. Iconic enough that it should be virtually uncoverable - even though the song itself was first a George Benson original - signature Whitney anthem “Greatest Love of All” was essentially turned inside out for northwest indie-poppers The Blow’s warped rendition. SONG COVERED: Whitney Houston’s “Greatest Love of All” (1985) NEW SONG: The Blow’s “Greatest Love of All” Didn’t quite work as hoped - “Club” stalled outside the top 40 - but if one part of the song still sticks with listeners at year’s end, it was probably this lift.Ĥ4. SONG REFERENCED: Christina Aguilera’s “Genie in a Bottle” (1999)Ĭamila hoped to borrow a little of that TRL-era breakout hit magic for her proper solo bow, “Crying in the Club,” dipping into the pre-chorus melody to Xtina’s first Hot 100-topper on her own refrain. NEW SONG: Camila Cabello’s “Crying in the Club” No Grammy or VMA love followed this year, but hey, at least you nearly took home the Should Be Bigger Bracket championship, Vince.Ĥ5. “Where the fuck is my VMA? Where the fuck is my Grammy?” asks perpetually underrecognized rapper (and newfound Detroit techno enthusiast) Vince Staples on this Big Fish Theory cut, enlisting the most insistent hook of Rick Ross’ career for extra borrowed indomitability. SONG REFERENCED: Rick Ross’ “Hold Me Back” (2012) Modern-day disciples Beach Slang remember, however - and though (like most of the band’s covers) this version of his late-’80s gem is too in love with the original to add much of its own to the discussion, in Keene’s case, that level of reverence is affecting enough. Power-pop cult favorite Tommy Keene passed this year at age 59, without ever really getting the widespread critical or commercial attention his immaculate college-rock confections deserved. SONG COVERED: Tommy Keene’s “Nothing Can Change You” (1989) NEW SONG: Beach Slang’s “Nothing Can Change You” ![]() It comes off as a fond, decades-old, memory of the original, an affection long ingrained rather than casually recalled.Ĥ7. Snoop Dogg’s signature G-funk anthem is hardly the most creative sample source for a West Coast rapper to draw from, but RJ doesn’t lift the production wholesale - instead, he only takes elements from it, stripping the most recognizable synth hooks and whistles and leaving it as only a ghostly echo of the original beat. SONG SAMPLED: Snoop Dogg’s “Gin and Juice” (1993) Rather, he pulls back on the original’s intensity for a more contemplative groove, accenting the song’s lyrical indecision and melodic twistiness. SONG COVERED: Teenage Fanclub’s “I Don’t Know” (1991)Ĭan’t out-jangle Teenage Fanclub, and to his credit, on this highlight from his LP-length cover of the band’s 1991 crit favorite Bandwagonesque, Death Cab for Cutie frontman Ben Gibbard doesn’t try. NEW SONG: Benjamin Gibbard’s “I Don’t Know” The 1975 were one of several artists to take on Sade’s perennial in 2017, and befitting a band of their widescreen pop influences, they pretty much nailed it - retooling the ballad more than rebooting it, with a slightly soupier, dubbier feel that maintains the original’s entrancing sway, and could’ve fit in somewhere in the middle of last year’s I Like It When You Sleep, for You Are So Beautiful Yet So Unaware of It.Ĥ9. SONG COVERED: Sade’s “By Your Side” (2001) Read on below, and check out our Spotify playlist featuring both the old and the new songs at the very end. ![]() ![]() ![]() We also take steps to anonymize or pseudonymize certain data within set time periods. For example, to ensure that our services display properly on many different types of devices, we may retain browser width and height for up to 9 months. For each type of data, we set retention timeframes based on the reason for its collection. In some cases, rather than provide a way to delete data, we store it for a predetermined period of time. ![]() Data that expires after a specific period of time And if you use our services without signing in to a Google Account, we also offer you the ability to delete some information linked to what you use to access our services, like a device, browser or app. We’ll keep this data in your Google Account until you choose to remove it. Remove a product from your Google Account.Delete content like photos and documents.With the above steps on hand, you can delete your Google Voice account if needed.We offer a range of services that allow you to correct or delete data stored in your Google Account. If you’re worried about your personal information being collected and stored, then deleting your account may be the best option. Google Voice is a convenient way to make and receive calls, but it does collect a great deal of personal data. Here you can reactivate your number by selecting Get your old number back. In the Menu, scroll down to the Legacy Google Voice option. Go to the Google Voice website and sign in with your email id. Reclaiming your account and number within 90 days of deleting them is very simple. Reactivating Your Google Voice Account and Number This means you can recover your Google account and get your number back within 90 days of deleting the account.Īfter the standby period, Google will transfer that number to someone else, giving users time to think before getting rid of their Google number entirely. Whenever a user deletes their Google Voice number and disables their account, Google gives them a 90-day standby period. Note: When you delete your Google number from your account, it will be permanently disqualified from getting another free Google number and the old number could be unavailable for months. You have successfully disabled your Google Voice account and number. After the confirmation, select Proceed to delete the number.Tap on the Delete option under your Google Voice number.Now in the settings, choose the Phone Numbers option from the menu. ![]()
![]() Fortunately, there are several alternatives and frameworks that can be used to achieve similar results.ģ7 Open-source Free File Manager for Windows, Linux, macOS, and The WebĪn open-source file manager is a software tool that allows users to manage their files and folders in a convenient and efficient way. However, its large software package can be a hindrance to many developers. When it comes to building desktop apps using web technologies, Electron is undoubtedly one of the most popular solutions out there. However, OpenMTP is a free and open-source app that can help you transfer files easily between yourĢ7 Open-source Electron Alternatives For Building Desktop Apps using Web Technologies This is because Android devices are not natively supported by macOS. If you are an Android user, you might have experienced difficulties in transferring files between your Android device and your Mac computer. OpenMTP Free and Open-source Android File Transfer App for macOS Intel and Apple Silicon SiYuan: Self-hosted Note-Taking App for TeamsĪ privacy-first, self-hosted, fully open source personal knowledge management software, written in typescript and golang. Maccy is released as an open-source projects under MIT license.To customize the behavior, check "Preferences." window, or press COMMAND (⌘) +.To clear all items including pinned, select Clear in the menu with OPTION (⌥) pressed, or press SHIFT (⇧) + OPTION (⌥) + COMMAND (⌘) + DELETE (⌫). To clear all unpinned items, select Clear in the menu, or press OPTION (⌥) + COMMAND (⌘) + DELETE (⌫).The item will be moved to the top with a random but permanent keyboard shortcut. To pin the history item so that it remains on top of the list, press OPTION (⌥) + P.To see the full text of the history item, wait a couple of seconds for tooltip.To delete the history item, press OPTION (⌥) + DELETE (⌫).To choose the history item and paste without formatting, press OPTION (⌥) + SHIFT (⇧) + ENTER, or OPTION (⌥) + SHIFT (⇧) + CLICK the item, or use OPTION (⌥) + SHIFT (⇧) + n shortcut.To choose the history item and paste, press OPTION (⌥) + ENTER, or OPTION (⌥) + CLICK the item, or use OPTION (⌥) + n shortcut.To select the history item you wish to copy, press ENTER, or click the item, or use COMMAND (⌘) + n shortcut.SHIFT (⇧) + COMMAND (⌘) + C to popup Maccy or click on its icon in the menu bar.You can install Maccy using Homebrew: brew install -cask maccy How to use Maccy? Secure and private: removes your copied passwords from the clipboard.Lightweight app that does not eat your machine resources.Keyboard-first: Maccy comes with a shortcuts-oriented hotkeys.One-click clear to remove all of your captured text.Maccy is a native macOS solution, written in Swift programming language by Alex Rodionov. ![]() It comes with unique features to boost your productivity and the most prominent one is its shortcuts and unique hotkeys. Maccy is an advanced, lightweight, open-source clipboard manager for macOS. The clipboard service manages the text placing and retrieval. A Clipboard manager is a software that extends the built-in system clipboard functionalities. ![]() ![]() This range is one of the finest around and is maintained by the FCAA (Fort Collins Archery Association). Hours of Operation: SundayĪnd we can’t forget the very own Fort Collins Archery Association Range. This course will teach the archer’s ability to strategize while simultaneously performing. You will be shooting 0 rounds of 3 arrows for a total of 30 arrows.Įvery archer can learn something from this league about their ability to perform under pressure. This league requires focus and practice while shooting at their 3D animal’s paper targets at 20 yards. This league is held every Thursday and is held in the indoor range. Winners of the 6-week series receive additional drawing entries and awards. The tally is kept for amount of times each shooter shoots for drawing at the end of the year. You do need to bring your own bow to this league because they do not offer equipment rental. There are 30 different shots at night- 6 of which from a balcony- this is 1 shot per a target and the range varies from 5-30 yards. They use a wide variety of animals for practice and this helps to make the experience more exciting. Hunters practice shooting placement, yardage estimates, and obstacle avoidance. They use foam targets that have a scoring system on the animal’s vitals. This league incorporates practice for hunters and teaches them to have fun. ![]() This is held every Tuesday evening and is $10 per session. The price does include a rental bow but you can bring your own. These classes are available to help the youth learn and improve your child’s archery skills and still have fun. And the other is a 15-yard class available for ages 10-18.One is the 10 yard class for ages 6-10 years old.Saturday Youth League- Every Saturday they have different classes available for the age group. Private Lesson– they also have a private lesson available with their certified instructors. Equipment Rental: $15 (includes range fee, bow, 3 arrows, arm guard, & a paper target/ 2 hour limit)īeginners Lesson- this lesson is called a mini-lesson that includes safety rules, form, and hot-to aim.Īdvanced Lesson– This is for more experienced archers who are looking to gain more knowledge.They have a 5 lane side range up to 20 yards for private lessons and parties that you can make an appointment on their website. They also offer targets butts set up at 20 yards for the more experienced archers. They have a 28 lane main range with target butts set up at 10 yards for novices. They have an amazing indoor range and different target ranges to help the archer grow. Rocky Mountain Archery is also a pro shop so they can help with all your bow needs from restringing to buying different attachments. He is a certified USA Archery Level 4 NTS Coach who has coached several accomplished teams like the Fort Collins JOAD team and the Rocky Mountain Hot Shots. He has very accomplished in bow hunting tournaments, target tournaments, and he is a bow specialist and tuner. Rocky Mountain Archery was opened by Stewart King who has been an active archer since 1980. Archery Classesīeginner Lessons are available! Hours of Operation: Mon This is not only cost-effective but is a great place to take a new archer to get the right bow and measurement to get them started. Their indoor range is available on weekdays from 11 am – 1 pm. Rental equipment $18 (this includes range fees).They specialize in helping archers find the right bow for them and helping them to have the perfect measurements. ![]() This range is great for practice and targeting for any age group. They have an indoor archery range that is 20 yards long. ![]() They offer specialized bow equipment with custom work availability as well! Along with their indoor range, they also offer classes for all archers (all ages). We’ve helped Colorado residents in Longmont and Boulder CO for years by offering quality made archery equipment, a 20-yard range, and excellent customer care.” ” Whether you want a custom string made for your bow or arrows, you’ll find the gear you’ve been looking for at Archery in the Wild in Longmont. (Archery In the Wild states via Website,) Archery In the Wild is aimed to bring archery education and skill to everyone that walks through their door. ![]() ![]() While it changes depending on the day and who will be performing, wait times typically range between 10 minutes and 1 hour. This is subject to change on holiday weekends or special events. The general admission generally starts at $20 for girls and $40 for guys. ![]() How much is cover charge / general admission at Drai’s Beach Club? Don’t hesitate to ask a Venetian employee for assistance if you get lost. There you can get a stamp and ride the elevator to the pool deck. If you’re going into the casino from the garage, you’ll run right into it. You’ll do this by looking for the Tao Kiosk, which is located directly across the casino floor from the main Venetian parking garage (walk like you’re heading to the garage if you’re in the casino). You’ll have to gain entrance to the pool area before you can proceed to the ropes. Tao Beach is located inside the Venetian Hotel and Casino at 3377 S Las Vegas Blvd, Las Vegas, NV 89109. By entering Tao Beach, you’re able to take yourself to a tropical paradise with its beautiful decor, plunge pools, and lavish private cabanas.Īs night falls, guests will find themselves in an open-air nightclub that features two 14-foot fire columns, vibrant music from resident and international guest DJs, and strategically-placed beds that are perfect for lounging and hanging out with friends while still being right in the action! Created by brilliant minds behind Marquee and Tao Nightclub, no expense was spared in the construction of this masterpiece. Despite its size, Tao Beach manages to keep an intimate yet energetic vibe. This 47,000 sq ft high-energy massive pool party has been decked out with the latest sound and lighting systems. On a weekly basis the seasonal pool club features music from internationally acclaimed DJs and even has celebrity appearances ranging from Jay Z and Heidi Klum to LeBron James and Jamie Foxx.Īfter its recent renovation, Tao Beach has been transformed into something completely new and truly special for the Las Vegas pool parties enthusiasts. ![]() ![]() TAO Beach, an icon resting atop the famous TAO Asian Bistro and Nightclub, transports visitors to an exotic Balinese escape and adds a new layer of sophistication to the TAO experience. ![]() ![]() Side Table Color OptionsĪs accent pieces, our side tables are available in a host of attractive and professional color options. The wide slats and casual round design of our Cape Cod Round Side Table add a New England-inspired flair to your deck seating area. Transport the living room outdoors with a pair of rockers or a set of deep seating furniture set amongst the natural splendor of your backyard. Pair your chairs with the Rockport Club Side Table so your favorite mug full of mulled cider is always within arm’s reach. Stretched out on your favorite chaise lounge you can hear the gentle splashing of the pool water and work on your tan - but can you really relax without a spot to keep your sunglasses and drinks handy? Put the finishing touches on your poolside retreat with a Yacht Club Side Table.Ĭozy up next to your outdoor fireplace to enjoy the crisp fall air snuggled into a luxurious Rockport Club Chair. Read our blog for easy-to-follow instructions on deep cleaning. When you notice dust or dirt accumulating simply clean your side tables with a soft-bristle brush, using a combination of warm water and gentle soap to wipe away the grime. Not to mention, your investment will pay off in more ways than one: the durable HDPE lumber only needs occasional cleaning to sparkle and shine. Manufactured in the US and backed by a 20-year limited warranty, Trex Outdoor Furniture all-weather side tables are designed for durability, performance, and lasting good looks. Our outdoor furniture is not only resistant to weather, but also food and beverage stains, and environmental stresses like sun exposure and wind. The deeply embedded hues will never require painting or staining. Features of Trex Outdoor Side TablesĬonstructed of solid HDPE lumber, our outdoor side tables won't rot, crack, or splinter. Stack your go-to books, set down a breakfast tray, or add a cheery plant to any side table to add dimension to any seating, lounging, or dining area. Arrange two side tables next to one another to create a grouping in lieu of a coffee or conversation table. The contemporary yet timeless designs of Trex Outdoor Furniture side tables provide countless possibilities for your yard, porch, or patio. Whether rounded with wide slats, curved edges with modern elements, or classically square and sturdy our side tables deliver the best combination of function and form. No matter what color or style side table you need to accessorize your outdoor furniture we have the options to make your vision a reality. Maximize the functionality of your outdoor areas with a side table from Trex Outdoor Furniture. Outdoor Dining Table Set Color OptionsĬomplement the style of your other outdoor decor and furniture while allowing your dining sets to properly blend into the scenery - choose between a variety of neutral colors, Earth tones, and subtle hues for the HDPE lumber and slings of our outdoor dining height table sets.Side Tables from Trex® Outdoor Furniture™Īn outdoor space for relaxing and lounging without a side table is much like a cheeseburger sans fries - it just doesn’t inspire quite the same enjoyment. Set the scene for a scrumptious brunch or afternoon barbecue anywhere your heart desires - our outdoor dining height table sets will resist damage from coastal sea air or chlorinated water, allowing you to dine poolside, seaside, under a tree canopy, on the front porch, on your balcony, or in a corner of a lush backyard garden. Where to Enjoy Your Patio Dining Table Sets Dine al fresco with the modern construction and stylish appeal of our versatile outdoor dining sets. Backed by a 20-year limited warranty, our patio dining height table sets are engineered to last a generation in any environment, from the snow-laden Northeast to the balmy summers of Florida. Features of Trex Outdoor Dining Setsīeating sun, feet of snow, torrential rain - dining sets from Trex Outdoor Furniture will withstand the harshest elements without fading, cracking, rotting, chipping, or peeling. Choose outdoor dining height table sets from the Adirondack-centric Cape Cod Collection, the modern, minimal Surf City Collection, the contemporary, sleek Parsons Collection, or the Yacht Club and Monterey Bay Collections inspired by seaside retreats. No matter what type of outdoor design you favor you can find the perfect match for your patio dining needs at Trex Outdoor Furniture. ![]() How to Use Your Patio Dining Height Table Sets Outfit your deck, porch, or patio with the ideal dining table set to accommodate your family and facilitate countless lovely memories. ![]() Outdoor Dining Height Table Sets from Trex® Outdoor Furniture™īreaking bread with family, diving into a board game with friends, or celebrating life’s big moments like anniversaries or birthdays surrounded by loved ones - it all happens in the contoured comfort of a patio dining height table set. ![]() ![]() ![]() Because I sincerely want these posts to be useful, I will be most grateful if you send questions via the comments or by email if I haven’t explained anything clearly enough. For now, if you’re looking for a way to put off cleaning the garage or folding the laundry, try these exercises. In the next installment, I’ll talk about how use a BP formula to make a given amount of dough. An understanding of the usual percentages is also helpful if you want to develop your own recipes. To sum up, looking at the percentages of basic ingredients in a formula doesn’t tell you everything, but it can tell you a lot. If you see that a recipe has 3% salt, did you make a mistake in your math? Did the baker who wrote the recipe make a mistake? Is s/he not very good at baking flavorful bread, and trying to compensate by using excessive salt? Or is there a good reason for it, which the baker should be able to explain and teach you something? Despite the cat’s bad outcome, curiosity is usually not a bad thing. ![]() The percentage of salt in a formula is usually between 1.5% and 2%.Īs with water and yeast, noting the salt percentage might lead to some critical thinking. Did they leave out a decimal point, and should that really be 4.5 g of instant yeast (0.9%)? Yikes! Knowing what you now know about usual yeast percentages, you may want to check with your friend and see if that 45 g is correct. The percentage of yeast here is 9% (45/500). Now let’s say someone sends you the following recipe: ![]() Note that, as always, percentages are relative to the weight of the flour, and we’re talking about commercially-yeasted doughs here (not sourdoughs): The percentage of yeast in a formula depends on quite a few variables (other ingredients, fermentation time, etc.), so the following ranges are quite wide, and are just guidelines. If the formula includes a proportion of rye, whole wheat, or other flour, the hydration will generally be higher for a given type of bread, because these flours absorb more water than white flour does. Ciabatta, focaccia, and other “wet” doughs: 70% and above.Of course other factors, such as additional ingredients and dough handling, are important too, but you’ll be hard pressed to make ciabatta from 56%-hydration dough, whereas this is very appropriate for a bagel.Īssuming you’re working with white flour, and keeping in mind that there are exceptions to everything, the following hydration ranges are typical, based on my observations of formulas I’ve seen and used. ![]() One very important difference between a bagel and a ciabatta is that the ciabatta dough has a much higher hydration than the bagel dough. Hydration of a dough is a critical factor in determining the nature of the resulting bread. Here the total flour weight is 800 g and the liquid weight is 480 g, so the hydration is 480/800 = 60%. (plus yeast, salt, and other ingredients…).Just divide the weight of the liquid ingredients by the total flour weight. If you have a recipe that’s expressed in absolute amounts rather than BP, you can still quickly calculate hydration even without converting the entire recipe to BP. So the following dough has a hydration of about 75% (70% water + 5% milk): Although these ingredients do not consist solely of water, they’re close enough that most of the time you’ll be pretty accurate in your hydration calculation of you treat them as though they were pure water. Other liquid ingredients such as milk, alcohol, and juice also count towards hydration. The hydration of this dough is 66% because the amount of water is 66% of the amount of flour. That’s exactly the definition of the BP of water. Simply stated, hydration is the amount of water in a formula, relative to the amount of flour. One thing BP is useful for is allowing you to look at the amounts of these ingredients and get a rough idea of the kind of bread the formula will make, and whether the ingredients are balanced.īakers often talk about the “hydration” of a dough. In addition to flour, most bread contains three other basic ingredients: water, yeast, and salt. Thank you for that! And now that you know what baker’s percentage (BP) is, you might be wondering what you’re supposed to do with it. A number of people left comments or sent email saying that they found Part 1 of my Baker’s Percentage Tutorial helpful. ![]() |
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